Survival, Short And Long- Term Outcomes Of Open And Endovascular Surgical Repair Of Unruptured Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Authors

  • W Samir Cubas Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5380-7372
  • Ludwig Cáceres-Farfán Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Miguel Rojas-Huillca Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Milagros Moreno-Loaiza Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Franco Albán-Sánchez Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Anna Paredes-Temoche Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Milagros Salazar-Cuizano Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Félix Tipacti-Rodríguez Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Julio Huayllara-Reduzzi Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru
  • Johnny Mayta-Rodríguez Service of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, Peru

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48729/pjctvs.358

Keywords:

Abdominal aortic aneurysms, Endovascular, EVAR, Open, Survival, Follow-up

Abstract

Introduction: Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR) has become the standard management of Unruptured Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (UIAAA); however, current evidence is limited and uncertain in our environment compared to Open repair. Our study aimed to determine the survival, short and long-term outcomes of EVAR vs. Open in a Peruvian cohort of UIAAA.
Methods: A single-center observational, analytical, longitudinal study using a retrospective registry of 251 patients treated (EVAR=205 vs Open=46) for UIAAA from 2000 to 2017. Variables considered were baseline, comorbidities, type of treatment, short-term (<30 days) and long-term (<5 years) outcomes, postoperative mortality according to the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Risk Score, survival curves including reoperation-free rate and according to size (<65 mm vs. >65 mm) of long-term UIAAA. All variables were grouped according to the treatment performed (EVAR vs. Open) and we used the descriptive, multivariate, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival statistical analyses.
Results: 251 UIAAA were evaluated and the mean age was 74.5 years [±13.32], smoking, family members with UIAAA, and previous abdominal surgery were the main antecedents. Diabetes mellitus 2 was the main comorbidity; more than 50% of patients with UIAAA had diameters greater than 65 mm (p=0.021). The calculated mortality (VQI) was Open=2.21% vs. EVAR=1.65%. The outcomes in short-term were mortality (Open=2.92% vs. EVAR=0%; p=0.039), blood transfusion >4 Units (Open=72.68% vs. EVAR=17.39%; p=0.021) and overall hospital stay (Open=14 vs. EVAR=5 days; p=0.049. A reduction in mortality (HR 0.76, 95% CI, 0.62-0.96, p=0.045) and readmission for aneurysmal rupture was identified for EVAR (HR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.79-0.85, p=0.031). In long-term outcomes, mortality (Open=3.41% vs. EVAR=19.56%; p=0.047), aneurysmal rupture (Open=0% vs. EVAR 13.04%; p=0.032) and reinterventions (Open=2.43% vs. EVAR=10.86%; p=0.002). An 86% risk of mortality (HR 1.86, 95% CI, 1.32-2.38, p=0.039) and elevated risk of readmission for aneurysmal rupture was identified for EVAR (HR 2.21, 95% CI, 1.98-2.45, p=0.028). At 5 years, survival for Open=93.67% vs. EVAR=80.44% (p=0.043), reintervention-free survival for Open=89.26% vs. EVAR=47.82% (p=0.021), survival for treated IUAAA <65 mm for Open=95.77% vs. EVAR=63.63% (p=0.019) and >65 mm for Open=92.53% vs. EVAR=85.71% (p=0.059).
Conclusion: EVAR has shown better short-term benefits and survival than Open management; however, the latter still prevails in the long term in our Peruvian UIAAA cohort. Further follow-up studies are required to demonstrate the long-term benefit of EVAR in our population.

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Published

09-02-2024

How to Cite

1.
Cubas WS, Cáceres-Farfán L, Rojas-Huillca M, Moreno-Loaiza M, Albán-Sánchez F, Paredes-Temoche A, Salazar-Cuizano M, Tipacti-Rodríguez F, Huayllara-Reduzzi J, Mayta-Rodríguez J. Survival, Short And Long- Term Outcomes Of Open And Endovascular Surgical Repair Of Unruptured Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Rev Port Cir Cardiotorac Vasc [Internet]. 2024 Feb. 9 [cited 2024 Oct. 10];30(4):39-50. Available from: https://pjctvs.com/index.php/journal/article/view/358

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